Fairy rings, while enchanting in name, can be a concern for garden enthusiasts. These rings, often easily identifiable as lush green circles adorned with puffballs or mushrooms, are a manifestation of turf diseases brought about by various fungi strains. Over time, these fungi proliferate, continually expanding the fairy rings. As they decompose organic materials, they release nitrogen, leading to the pronounced dark green rings on lawn surfaces. Digging into these rings occasionally reveals white thread-like structures known as ‘mycelium’, notorious for its distinct musty aroma. Depending on their characteristics and impact, fairy rings are classified into three primary grades.
Types of Fairy Rings
- Grade 1 Fairy RingsThese are the most detrimental to garden lawns. Unlike the other types, Grade 1 fairy rings actually exterminate the grass. Characterized by a ring of deceased grass spanning between 10-30cm, fruiting bodies emerge prominently during early spring and autumn. Excavating beneath this dead zone reveals a denser concentration of mycelium. Owing to its hydrophobic nature, mycelium repels water, whether from rainfall or irrigation. This water repulsion results in the grass’s death, paving the way for weed and moss infestations.
- Grade 2 Fairy RingsRecognizable by their verdant rings or arcs, Grade 2 fairy rings sometimes also showcase fruiting bodies like mushrooms or puffballs. While they don’t kill the grass, their visual impact, along with the potential emergence of fruiting bodies, can mar the lawn’s aesthetics.
- Grade 3 Fairy RingsThese are primarily identified by their fruiting bodies, with mushrooms and puffballs being common manifestations. Unlike the other types, they don’t produce the characteristic dark green ring. Their primary concern is the annoyance caused by the fruiting bodies, which can be solitary, form arcs, or rings.
Managing Fairy Rings
Addressing fairy rings can be somewhat challenging, primarily because there isn’t a straightforward cure. However, some strategies can help manage their appearance and effects:
- Camouflaging the Rings: For Grade 2 and 3 fairy rings, using nitrogen or sulphate of iron can help. These compounds induce a deep green hue in the grass, allowing the fairy ring to seamlessly blend with the lawn.
- Addressing Hydrophobic Layers: In the case of Grade 1 fairy rings, the hydrophobic layer beneath the grass is the primary concern. To tackle this, the area can be aerated and treated with a wetting agent before it dries out. This treatment can be repeated as required. However, once the zone becomes excessively dry, rehydration becomes notably challenging.
- Complete Excavation: The most thorough solution involves entirely digging out the fairy ring. This process necessitates the removal of soil to a depth of at least 30cm (12in), and extending the excavation 50cm (20in) both inside and outside the ring’s periphery. It’s crucial to avoid contaminating the lawn with infected soil during this process. The evacuated area should then be filled with fresh soil and reseeded.
In conclusion, while fairy rings can be a visual concern for gardeners, understanding their types and adopting the appropriate management strategies can help maintain a lush, fairy ring-free lawn.